Northern Rock Plc free essay sample

Plc Contents Page 1Report2 1. 1Audit Committee and Auditors2 1. 2Experience:4 2Comparison5 2. 1Chief Executive and Chairman5 2. 2Audit Committee5 2. 3Risk Management Committee6 2. 4Remuneration amp; Nominations Committee6 3Chance of another failure6 4Conclusion:8 5References8 Report In this report I am going to feature the shortcomings in the corporate administration code of Northern Rock that lead to its defeat. Review Committee and Auditors As indicated by the UK Corporate administration code the barricade should set formal and evident plans remembering how to apply the corporate announcing inside control, and hazard the executives rules for keeping the correct relationship with the organization's reviewers. The block should make a review board of at any rate three non official chiefs on account of littler organizations in any event two NEDs. The administrator can be a part in littler organizations yet can't seat the board except if the person in question was viewed as free on arrangement as executive. The board should ensure that in any event one the part ought to have later and pertinent involvement with the review advisory group. We will compose a custom exposition test on Northern Rock Plc or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The board’s obligations are to spread out all the terms recorded as a hard copy and screen the fiscal summary of the organization, to audit the monetary exhibition and announcing. It ought to likewise survey inward monetary control, hazard the executives framework if not set up independently to check the viability and inner capacity of interior review. The board ought to likewise be survey and screen the outside reviewers work their arrangements and re arrangements, their compensations, and all the more significantly the non review administrations ought to be checked intently. On account of Northern stone the board and the review council neglected to actualize the previously mentioned rules. In July 2007 the CEO distributed on the site that operationally Northern rock’s first 50% of 2007 was a decent one. He referenced that home loan loaning specifically was solid. In the event that that was the situation, at that point how did Northern Rock wind up being nationalized in a little more than 7 months? Was somebody checking and confirming the announcements of the CEO. The outer auditor’s lack of concern was another issue. In their report of 2006 they gave a doctor's approval. This was later examined by the House of Lords financial undertakings council which found that the inspectors had played out their activity indiscreetly. A viable review panel could have recognized these issues well ahead of time. The purpose behind PWC’s lack of concern may either be a direct result of the nearness of Rosemary Radcliffe on the review council who was already an accomplice of PWC or perhaps they were giving other non review administrations to the organization and would not like to agitate the board. According to the corporate administration code the quantity of review committee’s individuals was by the code yet none of the NEDs had any money related understanding. Nichola Pease had understanding of store the executives yet not in the financial business even that experience was not an ongoing one as required by the code. It appears that at Northern Rock the review and hazard advisory groups were not paid attention to very as Rosemary Radcliffe just went to two out of four review board of trustees and one out of three hazard council gatherings. Experience: Northern Rock delegated a Senior Independent Director with over a large portion of the board being non-official chiefs following the consolidated code 2 and Basel 2 proposals. Anyway none of the executives were experienced enough in the field of banking not in any event, building society. This in truth doesn't bolster having great corporate administration as it doesn't guarantee disappointment or achievement. The above components brought up issues with respect to why the company’s investors didn't scrutinize the dangerous plan of action or was it due to extraordinary benefits seen as the compensation for facing such challenge. The compensation board of trustees can likewise be considered liable for the disappointment as both the CEO and the organization took on the bet for the high dangers which thusly questions the estimations of the investor and official. As referenced above there were such a significant number of components included . I. e. he absence of experience, the director of the board and designations council Dr Ridley had no earlier budgetary experience and even the subject that he has examined is far various to the job he was answerable for. The other four non official chiefs Fenwick, Gibson, Pease and Queen likewise didn't have ongoing important ex perience. Sir Derek Wanless with decent training foundation yet tragically with some negative history while working in NatWest where he got paid ? 3M having lead an unfortunate obtaining technique. In the event that the organization knew about the history, at that point for what reason would he say he was designated as an administrator of the Audit and hazard panel? The entirety of the above focuses demonstrate that it was extremely poor corporate administration set up which neither of the board of trustees focused or come up short on their involvement with the instance of CEO's arrangement can't be said that much as he was inside advanced it is some of the time great so he thought about the organization without any preparation to the top yet for some situation it is smarter to have an encounter individual from an alternate organizations so they can bring new thoughts and development. The review advisory group needed to survey what they have been there for the checking of the interior money related control, the administrations, compensation, re arrangements of the outside examiners. On the off chance that the corporate administration were solid in the organization there would not be any mis portrayal of the money related revealing neither by the CEO nor by the outside evaluators and furthermore they would have known the result of the disappointment before it had occurred. Examination In this inquiry I am going to think about the administration courses of action noted for the situation concentrate with the present variant of the UK corporate Governance code. Northern stone had applied the greater part of the administration code yet there were a few shortcomings in a portion of the territories. CEO and Chairman According to the UK administration code the CEO and the executive ought to be independent, their re-arrangement and compensation should be affirmed by the board. In Northern Rock the above codes were applied appropriately. CEO and director were two unique people and their arrangement and re arrangement were likewise affirmed by the board. Review Committee As referenced above Northern Rock’s review board neglected to consent to the UK Corporate Governance code on more than one check which prompted the evaluators not playing out their activity appropriately. Review advisory group should go about as a guard dog in an association. Hazard Management Committee UK corporate administration says that the board should lead a survey of the hazard the executives committee’s adequacy in any event on a yearly premise. The survey should cover nearly everything including money related, operational and consistence controls and ought to be introduced to the investors. Taking a gander at the course of events of breakdown of Northern Rock it appears that the hazard council was not exceptionally powerful in recognizing dangers looked by the association and thus neglected to play out its obligation appropriately which prompted the breakdown of UK’s fifth biggest bank in inside one year. Compensation amp; Nominations Committee According to the UK corporate administration code the organization ought to have a compensation and a selection advisory group which ought to decide the pay rates of the board individuals and should name reasonable people for arrangement. The assignment board of trustees ought to be comprised of non official chiefs who ought to be autonomous individuals from the council. The seat or non official executive should seat the board of trustees yet the person ought not seat the advisory group while delegating the replacement to the chairmanship. The board of trustees ought to likewise assess the abilities, experience and information on the up-and-comer when making suggestions. It appears that northern rock’s selection board of trustees bombed in carrying out their responsibility appropriately as indicated by the UK corporate administration code. In the event that they had satisfied the above prerequisites in understanding to the UK code then the freshness of the NEDs would have not been an issue. Possibility of another disappointment Generally, associations with moderately poor administration don’t prevail as uch as those with exclusive expectation corporate administration supported by speculators. Northern Rock demonstrated this explanation when stresses over corporate administration brought about horrible showing. This came around 4 years before it was nationalized when investors were worried in the sort of rewards which were being paid to administrators. This builds up another comprehension about the hypothe sis that administration drives execution as opposed to execution driving administration. Non-administrators improve execution and the harmony among officials and non-administrators is exceptionally fundamental. Considering both the interior and outside elements influencing the disappointment of northern stone it was basically caused because of its inward handicap of overseeing emergency. It was the imperfect lawful guideline and the poor corporate administration of Northern Rock that let itself down during the intense home loan emergency in the US. The plan of action of the organization worked for various years however notwithstanding the hazard included the non-official chiefs minded less of the genuine dangers to the company’s model. Exercise can be gained from the Northern Rock disaster by different organizations paying little mind to their size or productivity. On the off chance that any business doesn't actualize the corporate administration codes appropriately they are ensured to have issues at some point or another. Comparative disappointment happened to the fourth biggest American bank Lehman siblings because of poor corporate administration as their frameworks were feeble. The key territories of the disappointment were Corporate hazard

Argos and Corinth essays

Argos and Corinth expositions Argos was established by Phoroneus; he named it after his child, Argos. It was the second biggest city-state in Ancient Greece, and for a considerable length of time, the most significant one. Argos was auxiliary to Mycenae until the Dorian intrusion in the twelfth century BC. At that point Argos turned into the most unmistakable Greek city-state in the northeastern Peloponnese. Argos and the Early Hoplite Greek records start in 680 BC appropriate, which matches with the dates ascribed to the ascent of King Pheidon of Argos, who is credited with formalizing the hoplite framework and rejoining the Argolid city-states under Argive rule.Though, Argos got held in disfavor by other city-states in 480 BC when Athens and Sparta asked Argos polis to send supplies, and Argos won't. Argos had a fruitful military. Argos has consistently been gainful during times of war and harmony. Argos and Sparta were contending city-states Argos climate is generally hot since its polis is situated on a plain. The Argives soil isn't extremely rich, convincing them to battle the components for food. This was a significant hardship for them, however inspite of this, Argives were better and a jealousy than th0e other Greek city-states. In 146 BC Argos turned out to be a piece of the Roman territory of Achaea (area of Argos) and thrived as a focal point of expressions and exchange during the Roman time frame. Argos was generally acclaimed for its sculptures of competitors; grand and undulating with muscle. The were additionally well known for their magnificent performers and writers. Argos was the primary spot in all of Greece where plays were acted in outdoors theaters; they drew hordes of more than 20,000. Dramatization arrived at new statures in Argos polis. Corinth, as a waterfront city, had its own bank and fruitful works program. From this, their history prospered. However, Corinth was never the mo ... <!

MindMeister 4.1 for iPad arrives! - Focus

MindMeister 4.1 for iPad arrives! - Focus Please note: this article was last updated in 2011. For the most up-to-date news on MindMeister for iOS please visit mindmeister.com/apps Great news for fans of our MindMeister for iPad app! We’ve recently released Version 4.1 which packs a number of improvements and requested features into your favorite mobile mind mapping app. If you’re a regular to syncing, you’ve already updated to the latest version, but if not, please update your app here. Based on your outstanding feedback and requests, we’ve focused on a number of usability features and functions that are particularly useful when used in a live mapping/note taking fashion. To put these new features to the “real world” test, all maps that were made for our live mind mapping of the TEDxVienna event were created using only an iPad2, running the pre-release version of 4.1. What’s New? Watching a number of you interact with the MindMeister for iPad app, we sought to find a way to make your maps more meaningful, but at the same time keep the speed and usability factor up. In this release, we’ve focused on a number of these features, and are happy to present: ? New auxiliary keyboard: recently used icons, node highlights, and quick node creation ? New context menu for nodes (tap selected node) ? New node creation gestures (double tap above, below or beside current node) ? Support for 6 all new MindMeister themes ? Support for alternative login methods (Uni Login) a special request by our Danish partners. We will be adding alternative login options, i.e. Facebook, Google, OpenID in the future. A huge Thank You! to all those that have been providing excellent feedback on both our MindMeister for iPad app, as well as our MindMeister for iPhone and MindMeister for Android apps. If youd like to contribute, please get in touch! MindMeister 4.1 for iPad arrives! - Focus Please note: this article was last updated in 2011. For the most up-to-date news on MindMeister for iOS please visit mindmeister.com/apps Great news for fans of our MindMeister for iPad app! We’ve recently released Version 4.1 which packs a number of improvements and requested features into your favorite mobile mind mapping app. If you’re a regular to syncing, you’ve already updated to the latest version, but if not, please update your app here. Based on your outstanding feedback and requests, we’ve focused on a number of usability features and functions that are particularly useful when used in a live mapping/note taking fashion. To put these new features to the “real world” test, all maps that were made for our live mind mapping of the TEDxVienna event were created using only an iPad2, running the pre-release version of 4.1. What’s New? Watching a number of you interact with the MindMeister for iPad app, we sought to find a way to make your maps more meaningful, but at the same time keep the speed and usability factor up. In this release, we’ve focused on a number of these features, and are happy to present: ? New auxiliary keyboard: recently used icons, node highlights, and quick node creation ? New context menu for nodes (tap selected node) ? New node creation gestures (double tap above, below or beside current node) ? Support for 6 all new MindMeister themes ? Support for alternative login methods (Uni Login) a special request by our Danish partners. We will be adding alternative login options, i.e. Facebook, Google, OpenID in the future. A huge Thank You! to all those that have been providing excellent feedback on both our MindMeister for iPad app, as well as our MindMeister for iPhone and MindMeister for Android apps. If youd like to contribute, please get in touch!

Key Stakeholders Affected By The Collapse Of Enron

List 5 key stakeholders affected by the collapse of Enron? Explain briefly how each stakeholder was affected. a. Stockholders at first reaped tremendous gains from their investments in Enron stock, because the company’s value rose a lot of quicker than market averages throughout the late Nineteen Nineties. In 2001, because the stock value folded, investors lost $70 billion in value. Each individual and institutional shareholders were hurt. Significantly blasted were Enron workers whose 401(k) retirement plans were heavily endowed in their company’s stock. Even shareholders who failed to own any Enron stock were hurt, as stock costs fell across the board within the wake of the scandal as investors doubted the integrity of the many companies’ monetary reports. b. Many staff lost their jobs as a results of Enron’s failure; four thousand were set off directly, with additional to follow. Several staff saw the worth of their retirement accounts collapse. c. The full impact of Enron’s collapse on customers isn t explored within the case. Students might speculate that some customers that had signed semi-permanent contracts with Enron for the delivery of bound commodities were left while not a reliable supply. d. The full impact of Enron’s collapse on suppliers isn t explored within the case. Students could speculate that some companies that had signed long-run contracts with Enron for the delivery of bound commodities were left while not a reliable distributor/customer. e.Show MoreRelatedFall of Enron Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesQ1- Who were the key stakeholders involved in, or affected by the collapse of Enron? How and to what degree were they hurt or helped by the actions of Enron management? Ans- The key stakeholders affected by the collapse of Enron were its employees and retirees. Stakeholders and mutual funds investors lost $ 70billion market value. Banks were also affected by the meltdown of the company. They included big banks like J P Morgan Chase and Citigroup. Not only the stakeholder and bondholder lose outRead MoreThe Enron : Organizational Renewal Theory And Situational Crisis1023 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Enron collapse as we mentioned earlier in the paper. If the organization had a clear-thought out plan, then the company could have managed to save itself from bankruptcy and damaging lives. After reviewing the aftermath of this crisis from several articles it is evident that Enron handle this poorly from start to finish. In this section, we will be focusing on two crisis communication theories as they related to the event. It is actually difficult to properly gauge the theories, as Enron didRead MoreEnron Case1075 Words   |  5 PagesMINI CASE: THE FILURE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AT ENRON 1.Which parts of the corporate governance system, internal and external, do you believe failed Enron the most? In the evaluation of the Enron’s case; by trying to see the very big picture, it is not only about that the internal part of the corporate governance system was failed or but also the external part of the corporate governance system was also failed. As noted on the last paragraph of the mini case, many people from different positionsRead MoreEnron Scandal1477 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Current issue: Scandals in auditing Enron Scandal 1. Introduction Accounting scandals are political or business scandals which arise with the disclosure of financial misdeeds by trusted executives of corporations or governments. These days, not too often, these scandals are splashed as headlines across media. Why? Because there are complex groups of stakeholders who might be seriously affected by the scandals. Enron scam was the most remarkable scandal in 20 centuries by their institutionalizedRead MoreEnron’s Stakeholder Impact Case Analysis Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Widely known as the champion of the energy industry, Enron is suddenly faced with a corporate crisis in the form of a scandal. This scandal involves not only Enron’s accounting practices but also its corporate governance and culture (Lawrence Weber, 2008). This report will recommend some potential strategies for Enron to move forward from the scandal. To do this, we must incorporate stakeholder theory, which â€Å"argues that corporations serve a broad public purpose; to create valueRead MoreThe Virtuous Manager1658 Words   |  7 PagesThe Virtuous Manager Enron was the model for rapid growth in the 1990’s but part of the culture and ethics of Enron was disturbing. Falsified documents, cutthroat competitiveness among employees and accounting schemes that hid the truth of the company’s indebtedness were just a few examples of the lack of business ethics within the organization. Perhaps a more virtuous management team could have saved Enron from collapse. Culture of Enron An Indicator of Corruption Enron’s management style wasRead MoreEnron And The Collapse Of Enron1718 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Enron, one of the most influential and profitable companies in utility, paper, and communications for numerous years, came crashing down and filed for bankruptcy in fall 2001 (Bottiglieri, Revile, and Grunewald 1). Houston National Gas and InterNorth fused together and created Enron in 1985. The company faced initial problems of debt and loss of exclusive rights to pipelines (Thomas 1). This accounting method allowed Enron to log entire profits from the life of a contract in the yearRead MoreEthics And The Corporate World2649 Words   |  11 PagesIf there’s anything that we could learn from the recent events in the corporate world is that ethics has been undervalued. Many organizations have been destroyed or heavily damaged financially and took a hit in terms of reputation, for example, Enron. The word Ethics is derived from a Greek word called Ethos, meaning â€Å"The character or values particular to a specific person, people, culture or movement† (The American Heri tage Dictionary, 2007, p. 295). Ethics has always played and will continue playRead MoreEnron And Its Impact On Corporate Business Practices1124 Words   |  5 PagesEnron Enron is a company infamous for one of the largest scandals in American corporate history. Over twenty thousand employees and thousands of outside investors had billions of dollars worth of shares in the company that positioned the company to be valuated at about 70 billion dollars with shares trading at about 90 dollars a share in 2001. However, from August to November 2001 Enron s stock value dropped to $0.26, and those who had invested in Enron lost billions of dollars within a coupleRead MoreEnron Case1899 Words   |  8 PagesENRON CASE Please read the Enron cases posted on blackboard and the one in your book then answer the following questions based upon the case and Chapter 9. Make sure that your answers are supported by the facts of the case and the concepts you learned from Chapter 5. Please rely only on the case/chapter 9 to answer the questions except for question # 12—requires outside search. Make sure your answers are sufficiently brief, concise, and relevant to the question. Please avoid general

The Allocation Of Relief Food - 1353 Words

ALLOCATION OF RELIEF FOOD Food security is defined as a situation in which a countries people have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. In the recent years, and especially starting from 2008, the Kenya has been facing severe food insecurity problems. These are depicted by a high proportion of the population having no access to food in the right amounts and quality. Official estimates indicate over 10 million people are food insecure with majority of them living on food relief. Since not every person is able to access the relief food, the government has come up with ways to ensure that is able to curb drought so as to increase the level of farm production and solve food insecurity problems. MEASURES TAKEN TO FACILITATE DISTRIBUTION OF RELIEF FOOD. 1. KENYA VISION 2030 Under the Vision 2030, the Government has identified the following seven flagship projects for implementation during the next 5 years: a)Agricultural policy reforms b)Three-tiered fertilizer cost reduction c)Branding Kenya farm produce d)Establishment of livestock disease free zones and processing facilities e)Creation of publicly accessible land registries f)Development of agricultural land use master plan g)Development of irrigation schemes. a)Consolidated Agricultural Reform Legislations The Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority Act 2012; the Kenya Agricultural and LivestockShow MoreRelatedThe Distribution Of Relief Food Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT. Distribution of relief food in Kenya is one of the major issues that pose a big challenge to the Government of Kenya through Ministry of Special Programmes- Disaster management. Drought which is caused by the high rate of precipitation is a major disaster affecting 80% of the country population, hence resulting to a large portion of arid and semi arid area in the country. People living in these harsh climate conditions suffer from hunger and death due to lack of food due to prolonged droughtRead MoreQuestions On Knowledge Driven Dss1278 Words   |  6 Pagesfor ERP implementation (DSS_ERP) to facilitate resource allocations and risk analysis, by developing analytical regression models by utilizing data collected from a survey conducted on 400 SMEs that have previously implemented ERP systems. A simulation model is used to validate analytical regression models, and subsequently these validated models are employed to build a nonlinear programming model that provides solutions for reso urce allocations, such as time and budget. The author suggested that SMEsRead MoreThe War On Poverty And Poverty1149 Words   |  5 Pagesthe rain, wind, and cold† (George 671). Despite poverty being a major problem within the boarders of the United States, American government disperses over fifty billion dollars to relieve similar situations in third world countries. A more logical allocation of resources would be to address the problem right here at home rather than blindly giving to the poor of the rest of the world. Fifty-two years ago in 1964 United States President Lyndon Johnson declared War on Poverty in his State of the UnionRead MoreThe United States Federal Government1238 Words   |  5 Pagesassociates responsibilities to these resources, ensuring that money is available to go to war, infrastructure and to help citizens in need. Politicians, as policymakers evaluate key decision-making processes about revenues and expenditures. Resource allocation, fiscal discipline and transparency are supposed to be key factors when making decisions on behalf of the citizens who placed them in office. Many U.S. citizens are misled by politicians who camouflage the budget for their own purposes which leaveRead MoreAssignment 1: the American Red Cross (Arc)1084 Words   |  5 Pagesand grants. Large donations are received from such corporation as Wal-Mart and the GE Foundation. The American Red Cross uses the Red Cross Disaster Relief Fund to support the American people who are victims of thousands of disasters across the country each year. The funds assist the Red Cross in meeting the immediate needs, such as shelter, food, and critical mental health counseling. Most recipients have been impacted by natural disasters like hurricanes, house fires, floods, tornadoes, and winterRead MoreEssay on Thomas Malthus Section Summary1436 Words   |  6 Pagesare still being debated today: population control, food production and concerns over uncontrollable diseases arising from the effects of over-population. In this passage it is stated that Malthus was proven wrong: â€Å"...Malthus’ dire predictions have proven to be wrong...† (Efficiency and Equity 211). However, though his calculations have proven to be wrong because he could not accurately account for the technological advances that would make food production keep apace of population growth, in manyRead MoreThomas Malthus—Section Summary1487 Words   |  6 Pagesare still being debated today: population control, food production and concerns over uncontrollable diseases arising from the effects of over-population. In this passage it is stated that Malthus was proven wrong: â€Å"...Malthus’ dire predictions have proven to be wrong...† (Efficiency and Equity 211). However, though his calculations have proven to be wrong because he could not accurately account for the technological advances that would make food production keep apace of population growth, in manyRead MoreOutline Of A Project On A Field And Place For People922 Words   |  4 Pagesto sign up for the project. Families will be selected for the project on a first come first served basis. A full debriefing to the families on guidelines and stipulations set out by the funding NGO will be acknowledged and agreed upon before the allocation of plots. NGO’s will ensure that all families partaking in the project are fully aware of their obligations, rights and any penalties that may arise from breaching the procedures or misuse of allotments. The next step is to gather the funds, equipmentRead MoreDisaster Management and Humanitarian Relief2050 Words   |  8 Pagesworldwide participants in the relief effort in the global community, disaster relief organizations are the forerunners of the help supplied to people affected by catastrophic events. In recent decades, due to the increasing number of disasters that affected all the corners of the world, disaster relief logistics has begun to receive greater enthusiasm and support from both logistics academics and practitioners. Humanitarian logistics encompasses both disaster relief and continuous support for developingRead MoreCumberland County Case Study1377 Words   |  6 Pagescommunity members together. This training can educate volunteers on the utilization of a centralized volunteer center that properly consolidates volunteers in a centralized location for the means of management, credential verification, and proper allocation of assets to ongoing lines of effort in order to reduce redundancy and increase efficiency. Response The Cumberland County Department of Public Safety is responsible for coordinating and managing countywide emergency efforts. Each local municipality

Frederick Douglass Free Essays

This paper attempts to reintroduce the abolitionist Frederick Douglass who played a large role in ending slavery in the United States just before the Civil War. It also intends to answer the question, â€Å"What does Frederick Douglass have to say about the consequences of slavery for Americans, black and white, North and South?† Who is Frederick Douglass? Frederick Douglass was responsible for the abolitionist movement, which actually put an end to slavery which has been occurring in the United States just before the Civil War (Frederick Douglass n.p. We will write a custom essay sample on Frederick Douglass or any similar topic only for you Order Now ).  What does Frederick Douglass have to say about the consequences of slavery for Americans, black and white, North and South? Change of Name The fact that he found out that â€Å"southern slave catchers were roaming the city looking for fugitives in boarding houses that accepted blacks†, his initial reaction to this was not to trust anybody he would meet along the way as he journeys through his life (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). However, as he came looking for a job and a shelter, he met David Ruggles, â€Å"who actually harbors runaway slaves and assisted them reach safe locations in the United States, as well as, Canada† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). He also altered his name to avoid being arrested (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). He changed it from Frederick Baily to Frederick Douglass (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Subscriber of Liberator At first though, his reaction was not that obvious since he â€Å"worked as a common laborer† wherein â€Å"he sawed wood, shoveled coal, dug cellars, as well as, loaded and unloaded ships†   (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). However, when he was offered to subscribe to a newspaper called â€Å"Liberator†, which was â€Å"edited by the articulate leader of the American Anti-Slavery Society, named William Garrison†, he also â€Å"felt really sorry† for the slaves (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Membership to the American Anti-Slavery Society After that, he joined the abolitionist movement wherein he attended â€Å"lectures in New Bedford† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). He became an official member of the â€Å"American Anti-Slavery Society†, which in turn was instituted in 1833 (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Articulation of Thoughts by Preaching Because the, black abolitionists were having difficulty articulating their points of view, â€Å"black leaders kept up a constant battle to reduce racial prejudice in the North† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Also because of that, he decided to articulate some of his thoughts by becoming a preacher at the â€Å"black Zion Methodist Church† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). He negated â€Å"attempts by white southerners to oblige blacks to leave and proceed to Africa† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.).   This only shows how Frederick Douglass disagrees to â€Å"African colonization schemes† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Issuance of Statements in the Liberator In turn, Frederick Douglass’ opposition to â€Å"African colonization schemes† led him to issue â€Å"anti-colonization statements in the Liberator† (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). He did this by: 1) convincing other individuals to subscribe to the â€Å"Liberator†, as well as, another newspaper technically referred to as the â€Å"Anti-Slavery Standard†; and 2) continuing to lecture nationwide about his life and his thoughts about slavery (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). His lectures or speeches entail his personal experiences, for instance about, atrocious whippings set by â€Å"slave-owners to women, children, and elderly people†; â€Å"head of girl covered with festering sores†; â€Å"masters ‘breeding’ their female slaves†; â€Å" clergymen warning slaves that they would be offending God if they disobeyed their masters†; etc (From Slave to Abolitionist/Editor n.p.). Religion and Economic Status of Whites In addition to the aforementioned, he was so determined to â€Å"show how and why the institution of slavery works†, which in turn revealed its rough treatment and unfairness (Douglass n.p.). For Frederick Douglass, slavery is not â€Å"normal†, as opposed to the views of most people wherein religion and economic status has proven that whites should treat blacks as slaves (Douglass n.p.). Informing Through Writing Also, he exposed the evilness of slavery by writing to eventually inform the â€Å"white audience† with regards to the occurrence in the slave plantations including brutal and corrupt behaviors (Douglass n.p.). He wrote about effects or consequences of slavery including: 1) â€Å"slave owners impregnating their slaves†; 2) raping of Black women; 3) unfortunate fate of the slave’s children; 4) dehumanization of both slave owners and slaves; 4) physical effect/s – lash wounds; 5) emotional effects – the pain of knowing that you are unable to put an end to the situation (Douglass n.p.). Imagery For Frederick Douglass, the aforementioned consequences should be kept away from him (Penguin Group USA n.p.). The women who have undergone slavery or abuse that he wrote about were imageries for the purpose of safely keeping Frederick Douglass â€Å"himself from the dehumanized and demeaned body of the slave† (Penguin Group USA n.p.). This is why Frederick Douglass has to say all that about the consequences of slavery for Americans, black and white, North and South (Penguin Group USA n.p.). This is why he directly stated that slavery leads to abuses including, for instance, the: â€Å"stripping and whipping of a woman; beating of slaves; etc† (Penguin Group USA n.p.). References Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. 2006. SparkNotes LLC. 16 November 2007 Frederick Douglass. n.d. n.a. 16 November 2007 http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASdouglass.htm From Slavery to Abolitionist/Editor. n.d. n.a. 16 November 2007 http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part2.html Penguin Group USA. Book Clubs/Reading Guide. 2007. n.a. 16 November 2007 http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:7nO6kn0StaAJ:us.penguingroup.com/static/rguides/us/narrative_life_of_frederick_douglass.html+consequences+of+slavery+%2B+Narrative+of+Frederick+Douglasshl=tlct=clnkcd=2gl=phclient=firefox-a How to cite Frederick Douglass, Essay examples Frederick Douglass Free Essays The American Slave In Sharon McElwee’s literary analysis of Frederic Douglass literary piece, â€Å"The Narrative of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, by Frederick Douglass,† Sharon breaks down the different key elements in Douglass’ story that make it so outstanding. Frederick Douglass is famous for his speech given during a time where slavery was still considered acceptable and was used by most wealthy white. Slavery was not viewed as cruel, but a valuable business that could earn them money. We will write a custom essay sample on Frederick Douglass or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although Douglass was not alone, his speech stands out among the others who were fighting for their freedom. Sharon first notices the use of repetition that Douglass uses in his work. She claims that this theme of repetition allows the reader to focus primarily on the content, or message, rather than the literary structure that may sometimes be distracting. Douglass left little room for the imagination and made sure to reiterate and describe exactly what he was saying. She gathers from his works that Douglass wanted to get one main point across; that slavery is dehumanizing and an unfair practice that should be done away with. Because Douglass mentioned these two things numerous times, the reader is able to really connect with the purpose of Douglass argument. Douglass would use words with negative connotation repeatedly throughout his descriptions to help emphasize the fact that nothing good was to be associated with slavery. Sharon even notes that each sentence has a formula that Douglass used to help eliminate any outside thought. Before the semicolon, the first word of each section is the, the second word is an adjective that ends in -er, the third word is either he or she, depending on the subject, and the final word of each section is a verb ending in -ed. This formula makes for easy reading, and again puts the emphasis on the act, allowing the reader to feel they are watching this event unfold in front of them and are able to create their own image instead of some made up, un realistic image that represents a false meaning. Sharon believes that Douglass strongest point throughout his entire work was the incident of the innocent slave being whipped by his slave master for no reason. Sympathy always helps the reader to feel more connected and emotionally involved with the piece. Douglass describes how an innocent slave is beaten for every action he made, no matter if it was right or wrong. This also is made even more powerful by a continuation of repetition throughout his description. Sharon see’s strength in Douglass writing when he describes the beauty of freedom as a ‘glorious resurrection from the tomb of slavery to the heaven of freedom. ’ During this time, the dominant religion was Christianity, therefore Douglass made a spiritual connection with the majority of his readers by making biblical references to the joy of being a free man. Although Sharon sees that Douglass, who is a Christian himself, hates any Christian who owns slaves. Douglass does a good job of hiding this fact from his readers due to his knowledge that a vast majority of his audience would indeed be slave owning Christians. Sharon agrees that Douglass is regarded as one of the greatest anti-slavery works ever written in American history. Through his use of repetition, his emotional and spiritual connection, and his confidence, Douglass was able to get people thinking about right and wrong. His clever writing made it clear and easy for the reader to fully understand his message, leaving no room for doubt about the way Douglass feels about what is going on around him. No fancy tricks, no crazy words, just quick and to the point. The reader gets a up-close and personal look at the unfair treatment of slaves and is allowed to fully understand why slavery should be abolished. I agree with everything that Sharon mentioned in her critique. I would have liked for her to focus more on Frederic Douglass himself and really dig deep into the kind of person he was. I believe, as a reader, that if I felt more acquainted with Frederic I would have connected with her analysis even more. But, Sharon stuck to her job and did a critique on the literary piece and not the author! How to cite Frederick Douglass, Papers

Sonnet 73 Essays (813 words) - Sonnet 1, Sonnet 73, Sonnet

Sonnet 73 Sonnet 73: That Time of Year Thou Mayest in Me Behold This sonnet by William Shakespeare can be regarded as a quite regular representation of what is called a Shakespearean sonnet. Not only that it is written by him, but as one will see the structure and the theme are really close to what can be found in other typical Shakespearean sonnets. Talking about the form, it must be mentioned that the poem is divided into an octave consisting of two quartets and a sestet consisting of two tercets. The quartets are indicated by full stops whereas the existance of the tercets is not supported by punctuation marks. Nevertheless one can assume that there actually are two tercets although in this case it is not of any importance with regard to the content. The heroic couplet .which is often hinted at by a caesura introduced by a full stop, is again not set apart from the rest of the text by a punctuation mark, but the content gives evidence to the fact that the last two verses do function as a heroic couplet (the message is formulated in this couplet). The rhyme scheme of the poem is definetely regular as you see cross rhymes throughout the first twelve verses and a pair rhyme in the heroic couplet (ababcdcdefefgg). Turning to the meter, again one realizes that Shakespeare tried to stick to the classic pattern of five iambic feet. L ine four and eleven show slight deviations in stress as they do not begin with an unstressed syllable following a stressed syllable. Although there are a few exceptions in general the iambic pentameter is dominating the rythm of the sonnet. So to sum up what has been said about the form so far, we can say that this sonnet, the few mentioned irregularities excluded, is very close to an ideal Shakespearean sonnet, especially with regard to matters like rhyme scheme or rythm. Similar things could be said about the theme of the poem: as in many other sonnets by Shakespeare the general theme could simply be called real love. Better to say, the topic is the transitoriness that accompanies this real love and how a lover should handle this fact. In the first stanza (the first quartet), the speaker compares himself to a season, which is not given by name. In lines two to four, the reader comes to know that it must be the autumn season that is described. The image presented is an abondonned cold place where no living creatures, neither human beings nor animals, remain but all have left. So the end of the year serves as a symbol for the forthcoming death of the year. This has to be seen as an allusion to humans` mortality. The next stanza implies another image that evokes the same atmosphere. The speaker is said to be the twilight of the day which slowly vanishes as the night falls into the land and spreads its darkness. This can be seen again as an allusion to men`s mortality as the author even calls the night ?Death`s second self (line 8). The next four lines suggest an image fitting to the ones before: this time the speaker is compared to a glowing fire which is about to go out. Just as in the first eight lines the speaker is confronted with merciless death. So to summarize the first twelve lines, provide images of death, and what they all have in common is that the speaker is in a situation that suggests that he is without any chance to avoid his forthcoming death. As a conclusion from this, we might say that the author is laying great emphasis on the fact that death is inevitable, and it occurs to the reader that the speaker is in exactly such a situation. In the heroic couplet the speaker suggests that this fact, death being inevitable for all humans, should strengthen the love one feels for a person, simply because this love will not exist forever just as any human will not exist forever. It seems so as if the speaker is in a situation in which death is a relevant phenomenon. Of course, death should always be relevant for a human, but remembering the

Peaceful Protest Essays

Peaceful Protest Essays Peaceful Protest Essay Peaceful Protest Essay Dear Squealer, I am writing to you to ask for your help, I consider you as someone who I can trust and confide with. At the moment I cannot reveal my whereabouts in case this document falls into the wrong hands, Napoleon! I will get straight to the point; our current situation is looking very bleak, I fear for both your life and mine. Napoleon has been abusing our new society on Animal farm and he will do astonishing things to achieve what he wants. He is slowly gaining power over us and our comrades; he has changed Animalism into a dictatorship led by him! Our lives will be his and only for his wishes, we have and will be turned into personal slaves for Napoleon to have at his disposal. He will change issues that we use to believe in; he will brain wash us into believing what he wants us to. I need your help to stop this tyrant. What I propose is that we join together to from a new equal society, run by ourselves. This new society will stand for every animal that accepts the societys beliefs; it will be a society that lives in peace and harmony. I want to make a enthuses on being equal, after all that was what Animalism stood for, no animals have any higher right than another animal. You and myself will not have a leadership or any sort of control over the other animals; we will just keep peace and order. I seriously think that my idea and theory would be a great success if you were appeared to join me and overthrow this tyrant from his reign of terror. I have took much time and effort over thinking how we are going to overthrow Napoleon, I have come up with a cunning plan! It does not involve fighting or any sort of physical campaign against Napoleon. It is the idea of Peaceful Protest; we will organise marches and demonstrations through Animal Farm. Also, if the animals boycott Napoleons slave labour and any sort of activities, which would help Napoleons empire. One of the main areas, which I think would be good to boycott, is Napoleons food supply, without food his empire will slowly melt down. I say slowly because we may not achieve our aim of a peaceful society quickly. It could be a slow and tedious task but the results at the end will be very satisfying. I have been reading up on Peaceful Protest and I came to a conclusion yesterday that it would be the best way of going about overthrowing Napoleon. By making peaceful protests it would also represent what our new society believes in, animals being equal and peaceful! By all means if you have an idea or theory which you think would be much more practical than mine I am open to suggestions.

Chinas Physical Geography - A Diverse Landscape

Chinas Physical Geography - A Diverse Landscape Sitting on the Pacific Rim at 35 degrees North and 105 degrees East is the People’s Republic of China. Along with Japan and Korea, China is often considered part of Northeast Asia as it borders North Korea and shares a maritime border with Japan. But the country also shares land borders with 13 other nations in Central, South and Southeast Asia – including Afghanistan, Bhutan, Burma, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Vietnam. With 3.7 million square miles (9.6 square km) of terrain, China’s landscape is diverse and expansive. Hainan Province, China’s southernmost region is in the tropics, while Heilongjiang Province which borders Russia, can dip to below freezing. There are also the western desert and plateau regions of Xinjiang and Tibet, and to the north lies the vast grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Just about every physical landscape can be found in China. Mountains and Rivers Major mountain ranges in China include the Himalayas along the India and Nepal border, the Kunlun Mountains in the center-west region, the Tianshan Mountains in the northwest Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the Qinling Mountains that separates north and south China, the Greater Hinggan Mountains in the northeast, the Tiahang Mountains in north-central China, and the Hengduan Mountains in the southeast where Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan meet. The rivers in China include the 4,000-mile (6,300 km) Yangzi River, also known as the Changjiang or the Yangtze, that begins in Tibet and cuts trough the middle of the country, before emptying into the East China Sea near Shanghai. It is the third longest river in the world after the Amazon and the Nile. The 1,200-mile (1900 km) Huanghe or Yellow River begins in the western Qinghai Province and travels a meandering route through North China to the Bohai Sea in Shangdong Province. The Heilongjiang or Black Dragon River runs along the Northeast marking China’s border with Russia. Southern China has the Zhujiang or Pearl River whose tributaries make a delta emptying into the South China Sea near Hong Kong. A Difficult Land While China is the fourth largest country in the world, behind Russia, Canada, and the United States in terms of landmass, only about 15 percent of it is arable, as most of the country is made of mountains, hills, and highlands. Throughout history, this has proven a challenge to grow enough food to feed Chinas large population. Farmers have practiced intensive agriculture methods, some of which have led to a great erosion of its mountains. For centuries China has also struggled with earthquakes, droughts, floods, typhoons, tsunamis, and sandstorms. It is no surprise then that much of Chinese development has been shaped by the land. Because so much of western China is not as fertile as other regions, most of the population lives in the eastern third of the country. This has resulted in uneven development where eastern cities are heavily populated and more industrial and commercial while the western regions are less populated and have little industry. Located on the Pacific Rim, Chinas earthquakes have been severe. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake in northeast China is said to have killed more than 200,000 people. In May 2008, an earthquake in southwestern Sichuan province killed nearly 87,000 people and left millions homeless. While the nation is just a bit smaller than the United States, China uses only one time zone, China Standard Time, which is eight hours ahead of GMT. A Poem About Chinas Land: At Heron Lodge For centuries the diverse landscape of China has inspired artists and poets. Tang Dynasty poet Wang Zhihuan’s (688-742) poem â€Å"At Heron Lodge† romanticizes the land, and also shows an appreciation of perspective: Mountains cover the white sun And oceans drain the yellow river But you can widen your view three hundred miles By ascending a single flight of stairs

Who Moved My Cheese by Johnson Spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Who Moved My Cheese by Johnson Spencer - Essay Example This prevents the change from getting an individual by surprise. Quick adaption to the change is necessary. This calls for the release of the old cheese to enjoy a new one. It is advisable to move before the change. As in the case of the mice in the book, the move fast in search of new food supply and have quick instincts to adapt upon depletion of the existing supply. It is also very significant to accept a change in order to move ahead. In case someone faces change, do not waste precious time blaming others. Quickly move with the cheese. It is also advisable to enjoy a new cheese but does not create a comfort zone in the new cheese. Try to take the positive bit of a change and seize the opportunity to learn new ideas. To keep up with the pace some changes are of need. This calls the rearrangement of the staffs to face a new change for managers. People can also stay at one point for a long time since most of them are not ready to change for another cheese. Management purposes that i f one does not change become extinct. Most people wait until the environment presents no any other option but only a change. This is the worst management practice. People should practice counteracting the fear of the new cheese. People should also practice movement in the right direction. The application of the lesson learned in this book can help in both personal profession and management. This would prompt an individual to be keen to details and welcome a reason for a change. Always have the confidence of unknown to bury the fear.

How media has influenced on people and politics in Russia Essay

How media has influenced on people and politics in Russia - Essay Example It is significant that modern political science media is characterized by a lush title "fourth estate" along with the legislative, executive and judicial, and so on. The belief in the omnipotence of television is so great that some politicians say, that who controls TV and media, controls the entire country. Indeed, modern politics is impossible to imagine without the press, radio and television. Without a doubt, in the grandiose changes that are currently going through Russia, an important role is played by the media. That is the huge role that the media plays in social and political life of the country, making it the subject of ongoing discussion and research by scientists, experts and journalists. The given paper will prove that in the conditions of crisis due to the state of social anxiety people are particularly susceptible to suggestion and propaganda and easily respond to various new incentives and ideas. Let us consider how media can influence the society. In my opinion, Rozin.V.M. described media functions and how they influence the society well. The analysis shows that in the modern world media have three main functions: to inform, to express the position of certain social actors, carry out a particular ideological influence on the mind. While it has long shown that it is not often function of the press and media confined to first, some argue that the main thing is to present the facts, objective information and nothing else. In connection with this, it is easy to make the following point: the media does not simply inform the person, but also create a certain reality in which it is immersed. As part of these, almost virtual reality consciously, but more often unconsciously programmed not only by experience, but also his thoughts, attitude. First factor can be called "personalist". This is how the journalist realized event. Second

Estimation of Mound Height in Endoscopic Treatment of VUR

Estimation of Mound Height in Endoscopic Treatment of VUR A Numerical Study to Precise the Estimation of the Good Mound Height in Endoscopic Treatment of VUR Author(s):  Mehdi Shirazi1, Zahra Jahanabadi2, Zeinab Hooshyar5, Zahra Mortazavinia4, Alireza Mehdizadeh3, Mojtaba Taherisadr6 Abstract Purpose: it seems that there is no definite and standard index to ascertain the technique and volume of injection in order to increase the success rate of endoscopic VUR treatment. In this study, we introduced a novel method to numerically define the relationship between some indexes in order to determine optimum mound height promise to standardize the injection technique in this kind of treatment. Material and method: The main purpose of this study is to construct a finite element simulation of intramural ureter and injected mound which aims to numerically define the relationship between indexes which have influence in VUR endoscopic treatment. Using linearization software and numerically simulation data the relationship between effective indexes has been derived. Result: By linearization of the effective parameters of different finite element models, the relationship between effective parameters in filling phase is derived as: H=0.7456D+ 0.02174L +0.01846. This equation depicts adequate injected mound height as a function of internal diameter and intramural length, H=f(L,D). Conclusion: Using numerical simulation, we introduced the novel formula to predict the height of injected mound in endoscopic VUR treatment. As a result of this study, in order to increasing the success rate of this treatment, the ratio of mound height to intramural ureter diameter should be approximately 74% (~3/4). Keywords: Mound height, Endoscopic treatment, Vesico ureteral reflux, Finite element model Introduction Vesico ureteral reflux (VUR) is a major disorder of childhood declared by retrograde urine flow from the bladder toward the kidney, predisposing patients to UTI and renal scarring and in long term leading to renal insufficiency and hypertension[1]. Current treatment options include close observation with urinary chemoprophylaxis, minimally invasive endoscopic subureteral injection of bulking agents and open or laparoscopic reimplantation[2]. The prophylactic antibiotic approach is proper for uncomplicated reflux (grade I-III without significant renal scarring or breakthrough infection)[3]. This type of treatment doesn’t cure VUR and has some problems such as patient noncompliance and increased antibiotic resistance[4]. Surgical reimplantation of the ureter is an invasive method[5] and already used for patients with high grade reflux, children with breakthrough UTI and children with reflux and developed renal scarring[6]. Endoscopic subureteral injection of bulking agents was introduced by Matouscheck as an evolution in treatment of reflux with a high success rate and minimal invasion[6], [7]. The substance used as a bulking material should be biocompatible, nonantigenic, nonmigratory and non-toxic with minimal local inflammation[8]. Multiple techniques on injection have been described. These methods include subureteral needle placement[8], intraureteral needle placement[9], [10] or some combinations of these. During recent years, several studies have been done to determine success or failure of endoscopic treatment, and various injection techniques have been introduced. Puri et al., described â€Å"volcano† appearance as the main sign of success of injection[11]. The proper shape was demonst rated by adequate coaptation of the ureteral orifice and by its location in the bladder below the ureteral orifice and/or along the waldeyer’s sheat[12], [13]. Despite all the studies carried out to determine the success or failure of endoscopic treatment, such as description of volcano appearance, injection technique in combination with hydrodistention, increasing injected volume, use of intraoperative cystogram with a simulated voiding phase, there is no definite and standard index to ascertain the technique and volume of injection in order to increase the success rate. In this study, we introduced a novel method to numerically define the relationship between some indexes in order to determine optimum mound height promise to standardize the injection technique. Materials Method In this study, a computational simulation was proposed to simulate the intramural ureter and injected mound which aims to numerically define the relationship between indexes which have influence in retrograde urine flow from intramural ureter. Geometry of the numerical model Fig. 1 illustrates diagrammatic representation of the functional anatomy of the ureterovesical junction and urinary anti reflux mechanism as the accumulation of urine within the bladder will lead to the tight closure of the portion of the ureter in between, thus preventing the backward return of urine to the kidneys, urinary anti reflux mechanism. In Fig. 1, P, D, H and L are intravesical pressure, intramural ureter diameter, injected mound height, and intramural ureter length, respectively. Section â€Å"A† in Figure 1 depicts the cross section of the intramural ureter with injected mound. The geometrical data of intramural ureter and ureterovesical junction were utilized as per Table 1. Materials Properties and Boundary Conditions Material properties for the intramural ureter wall were assumed to be linear elastic, isotropic, incompressible, and homogeneous with Young’s modulus of 10 Kpa [18]. The injected mound was modeled as a rigid volume as shown in Fig. 3. The boundary conditions for the wall were (1) the bottom surface of intramural wall was fixed at the connection to the internal bladder wall. (2) The upper wall was assumed to be free such that the deformation would occur due to the intravesical pressure and contribute to the tight closure of the portion of the ureter in between. Solution Method The ANSYS 11 software was employed to simulate the intramural ureter with injected mound in voiding phase. The intravesical pressure was applied on the upper portion of the intramural wall. The upper bound of intravesical pressure was considered to be 160 CmH2 O to encompass both male and female intravesical voiding pressures[15], see Table 1. The 8-Node structural solid mesh has been utilized in finite element model to have adequate adoption with this geometry and material behavior. 3 Results Fig. 2 illustrates the total deformation of the intramural ureter with injected mound in voiding phase. As shown, the intramural ureter has been closed due to the intravesical pressure. Fig. 3 shows the deformed and undeformed intramural wall in resting and voiding phase. As shown, in voiding position the injected mound height is high enough for the intramural ureter to be closed due to the intravesical pressure and prevents retrograde urine flow. In the first attempt, keeping the intramural ureter length constant, by changing intravesical pressure and internal diameter, the adequate injected mound height leading to tight closure of intramural ureter was obtained. By linearization of the effective parameters of about 30 different finite element models, the primary relationship between injected mound height, intravesical pressure and internal diameter of intramural ureter was defined as bellow, H=f(D,P) H=-0.0000003219P+0.7864D+0.000233(4) According to this relationship, it has been inferred that intravesical pressure coefficient is minute in comparison with coefficient of other effective parameters and it shows that changing the intravesical pressure plays an insignificant role in adequate injected mound height. In order to investigate the more effective indexes on injected mound height, the intramural length has been considered as one of variable parameters in finite element modeling. Varying internal diameter, intramural length and linearization of obtained data, the relationship between parameters was derived as: H=0.7456D+ 0.02174L +0.01846(5) This equation depicts optimum mound height as a function of internal diameter and intramural length, H=f(L,D). 4Discussion Endoscopic treatment of VUR was introduced more than 25 years ago and since then many different substances and injection techniques have been used with different results[13]. Choosing endoscopic treatment is reasonable, as it has many advantages, such as technical simplicity, greater acceptance of patients and parents and significant decrease in post- operation complications[7]. By improving the injection techniques the rate of endoscopic treatment has significantly increased as compared with open ureteral reimplantation[2]. During the recent years, many studies have been done to increase the ability to identify factors predicting success with the endoscopic subureteral injection[19]. At 2003, Puri et al.[11] described â€Å"volcano† appearance as the main sign of success of injection. The proper shape was demonstrated by adequate coaptation of the ureteral orifice and by its location in the bladder below the ureteral orifice and/or along the waldeyer’s sheat[12]. In different studies conducted by Lavelle et al.[12] and Yucel et al. [20], it was found that a subjectively proper mound appearance was highly predictive of injection success, but it should be noted that the morphology and location of the mound are not perfectly predictive of injection success or failure, as the mound seems perfectly adequate in some injections but the injection is not successful; also, the imperfect mound morphology does not necessarily imply injection failure[12]. Moreover, Ellworth PI et al. showed no correlation between the presence of a mound on post-injection ultrasound and the success of injection[19]. Some research agrees that an intraureteral injection technique in combination with hydrodistention results in higher success rates but this is controversial[9],[10],[20],[21]. The effect of injected volume on increasing the success rate is also controversial. Mathew D et al. showed that increasing the injection material volume will improve the success of subure teric injection[22] but other centers have shown that higher injection material volume doesn’t necessarily increase the treatment success rate[21]. So the effect of the injected volume in association with improved success rate remain unclear[12]. To determine the treatment success or failure, Tarry WF et al. described the utility of an intraoperative cystogram with a simulated voiding phase, but they demonstrated that an introperative cystogram can only detect de novo contralateral reflux but is not a proper method to predict the final success of injection[6]. Despite all the mentioned studies, still there is no definite and standard index to ascertain the technique and volume of injection, and also there is no quantitative index for determining the proper mound size and shape. So, we have conducted a study aiming to define an optimum injection mound by finite element modeling. In this study, we introduced a novel method to numerically define the relationship between some indexes in order to determine optimum mound height promise to standardize the injection technique in VUR treatment. It should be noted that due to every patient individual properties of intramural, it is not logical to consider similar injected mound height for all VUR treatment cases. Thus, it is needed to state the adequate injected mound height based on individual indexes of each case. The Intravesical pressure, intramural ureter diameter and length are some of these effective indexes. By specifying the relationship between all of these effective factors, the adequate and optimum injected mound height can be determined which can contribute to more success in treatment of VUR. In addition, it can help to save the needed injected mound height and make this injection method more economical. The results of this study show that the intravesical pressure has an insignificant effect on the required injected mound height. However, intramural length plays an important role on it in comparison with Intravesical Pressure. Moreover, the ratio of mound height to intramural ureter diameter is approximately 0.74 (~3/4), which is drawn that in order to have successful VUR treatment, it is needed that about 74% of intramural ureter diameter be filled with the injected mound. It should be mentioned that in Department of Urology of Shiraz University for the first time, an innovative method, introduced by Taheri et al.[23], is used to measure the injected mound height to assure the adequate injected mound height. In this method by adjusting camera, laparoscopy lens and imaging screen, it would be possible to measure the injected mound height as a ratio of projected picture on the screen. This study has served some limitation. The realistic cross section of intramural ureter has star shape. However, because of some limitation in finite element modeling, the circular one considered. Furthermore, we considered computational simulation only in voiding phase, although VUR may occur in resting phase. Conclusion In this study using numerical simulation, we introduced the novel formula to predict the height of injected mound in endoscopic VUR treatment. As a result of this study, in order to increase the success rate of this tevhnique, the ratio of mound height to intramural ureter diameter should be approximately 74% (~3/4). Moreover, clinical study has been conducted to ascertain the accuracy of this obtained height. Fig. 1Diagrammatic representation of the functional anatomy of the ureterovesical junction Fig. 2Intramural ureter displacement in voiding phase Fig. 3Deformed and undeformed intramural urine wall References Lenaghan, D., et al., The natural history of reflux and longterm effects of reflux on the kidney. J Urol, 1976. 115(6): p. 728-30. Cerwinka, W.H., et al., Radiologic features of implants after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2010. 195(1): p. 234-40. Harper, L., et al., Postoperative cystography and endoscopic treatment of lowgrade vesicoureteral reflux. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 2008. 18(3): p. 461-463. Hsieh, M.H., et al., Treatment of Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux Using Endoscopic Injection of Hyaluronic Acid/Dextranomer Gel: Intermediate-term Experience by a Single Surgeon.j urology, 2010. 76(1): p. 199-203. Elder, J.S., et al., Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux Guidelines Panel Summary Report on the Management of Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children. j urology, 1997. 157(5): p. 1846-1851. Perlmutter, A.E., et al., Utility of an intraoperative cystogram with a simulated voiding phase after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux. W V Med J, 2008. 104(4): p. 22-4. Rivilla, F., Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in a paediatric surgery ambulatory unit. Vol. 7. 2011. 132-5. Bae, Y.D., et al., Endoscopic Subureteral Injection for the Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children: Polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique ®) versus Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer (Deflux ®). Korean J Urol, 2010. 51(2): p. 128-131. Gupta, A. and W. Snodgrass, Intra-Orifice Versus Hydrodistention Implantation Technique in Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Injection for Vesicoureteral Reflux. J urology, 2008. 180(4): p. 1589-1593. Kirsch, A.J., et al., The modified sting procedure to correct vesicoureteral reflux: improved results with submucosal implantation within the intramural ureter. J urology, 2004. 171(6 Pt 1): p. 2413-2416. Puri, P., et al., Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux by Endoscopic Injection of Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer: Preliminary Results. J urology, 2003. 170(4): p. 1541-1544. Routh, J.C. and Y. Reinberg, Predicting Success in the Endoscopic Management of Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux. Uro, 2010. 76(1): p. 195-198. Lavelle, M.T., M.J. Conlin, and S.J. Skoog, Subureteral injection of Deflux for correction of reflux: Analysis of factors predicting success. Uro, 2005. 65(3): p. 564-567. Yeung CK, G.M., Duffy PG, Ransley PG., Nat<

ACC 290 Financial Statements Essay

Financial statements are a means of communicating numbers within a business. Without proper numbers your business could be a success or a big failure. â€Å"You will rely on them to make decisions, and managers will use them to evaluate your performance. That is true whether your job involves marketing, production, management, or information systems† (Kimmel, 2009). The financial statements shows the business financial standpoint at a given time period, and it also helps the business to understand what they need to do to improve. A company’s livelihood depends greatly on their financial statement because it determines if the business is successful, can it hire new employees, or can it receive any more additional loans. A financial standpoint of the company is monitored by its financial statements. The four basic financial statements are retained earnings statement, balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flow. During a certain time period presenting a snapshot of what your business owns (its assets) and what it owes (its liabilities), you prepare a balance sheet. â€Å"To show how successfully your business performed during a period of time, you report its revenues and expenses in an income statement† (Kimmel, 2009). Specifying how much of prior income was dispersed to you and the other owners of your business in the form of dividends and how much was reserved in the business to allow for future growth a retained earnings statement is presented. Showing where your business obtained cash during period of time you would prompt a statement of cash flow. The purpose of balance sheet it to show the amount of assets a company has obtained by evaluating the claims of creditors and the claims of owners. This type of relationship can be shown in an equation assets equal liabilities plus stockholders equity. A company success or failure is monitored by its income statement because it shows a company’s revenue monitored by its expenses. The net income is obtained through the income statement by deducting its expenses from its revenues. The retained earnings statements are different because retained earnings are the net income retained in the corporation. Dividend payment practices are assessed because the amount of the retained earnings statements is deducted or added by the company’s dividends. The statement of cash flow shows the company operating, investing, and financing doings. It shows the company cash position and what is happening to its most important source. Managers use financial statements for several purposes. If a company needs to meet labor demands and need to hire new employees the financial statements helps in knowing how many employees they can afford to hire. On the income statement, management compares sales and expenses of a period of time with recent events to notice if there is a big change. They can identify likely problems and investigate the cause; however, they can regulate if they can afford new equipment, merchandise, and other operating expenses. Using the balance sheet managers can determine if a change applied helped the company or delayed it. Employees look at financial statements to know if the company is managing their money well and can meet payroll obligations. Employees also can gain knowledge of potential bonuses or layoffs based of the net income that is reported on the income statement. Financial statements are useful to investors and creditors because it shows the company’s financial position and allows them to make better decisions concerning the company. For the investors and creditors financial statements helps to evaluate the risks related to the possible investment or loans issued as well as estimate returns from the money invested. Investors and creditors analyzes company’s financial position, operational results, cash generated by different activities before making investment decisions. If the company owes more than it owns than creditors may not allow that company to receive additional loans. To investors it shows if the company is operating profitably. Financial statements are vital to the success of a business. They can be used as a roadmap to direct you in the correct direction and help you avoid costly failures. Maintaining financial statements for a company can only help a company. Improper financial statements put a company in jeopardy. The different statements show if a company can afford to hire new employees or if they need to do some lay-offs. To determine if a company can be approved for additional loans or if it is expected to fail you must rely on the financial statements. In general financial shows the financial standpoint of a company and decisions a company has to make cannot be made if there are no financial statements.

Religion Of Christianity, Judaism, And The Existence Of...

Monotheist A monotheist is one that believes that there is only one God. Monotheists usually share the religion of Christianity, Judaism, or Islam. I happen to share the religion of Christianity and believe that there is only one God. I’m going to prove that no other Gods exist except for one. For the atheist and the polytheist, I will show you why your belief is false, and why you should change your belief to a monotheistic belief. First, I want to start with the three reasons why I believe that there is only one God. My first reasons I believe that there is only one god is because of DNA and the earths equilibrium. Next, I believe that paranormal activity exists, and lastly the existence of the bible. DNA is a complex genetic code that defines every aspect of a living thing that exist on this earth. Every human being and every living animal require a genetic code that stays true to that specific species. For example, there are about 7.5billion humans that exists on this planet alone. Of those 7.5billion people each and every one of them has a different genetic makeup that defines everyone in their own different way. The pure existence of DNA requires a creator, an intelligent thinker. To be an atheist, you have to believe that all living things just appeared, or an asteroid crashed into the earth and was intelligent enough to create a living organism. Only someone who knew what they were doing could have created something so complex and intricate. Also to believe thatShow MoreRelatedChristianity, Hinduism, And Islam1054 Words   |  5 PagesEvery religion has its own goal, and their own believes, however there are also many similarities in their believes. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they basically hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a â€Å"complete and final revelation†. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus Ch rist is the true lord and savior will grant you the access to heaven in the afterlife. JudaismRead MoreComparison Between Judaism And Christianity1711 Words   |  7 PagesJewish Faith and Practice Comparison of Judaism and Christianity Judaism and Christianity may be completely different religions, but they along with many differences there are many similarities between the religions. Religions may vary from culture to culture, but mostly all are based on the same principle; that there is something greater than us that we all should believe in. Being that this is such a widespread belief, you would think that all religions would have some kind of common groundRead MoreThe Three Major Religions Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesThe Major Religions Judaism, Christianity and Islamic Humanities 101 August 28, 2010 Strayer University The major religions in the world are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are monotheistic religions, namely they believe that there is only one God. All three religions believe that this God is the origin and source of all that exists. God cares about the entire creation and desires the well-being of all. God is just and has provided basicRead MoreSimilarities Between Christianity And Islam1332 Words   |  6 PagesEvery religion has its own goal, and their own path and belief to reach their goals. However, there are many similarities in beliefs. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they all fundamentally hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a complete and final revelation. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus Christ is the true lord and savior that will grant you the access to heavenRead MoreChristianity And Judaism : Christianity Vs. Judaism Essay1706 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity vs. Judaism â€Å"If you take away the Jewish contribution to Christianity, there would be no Christianity. Judaism does not need Christianity to explain its existence; Christianity, however, cannot explain its existence without Judaism.† – John Hagee This quote synthesizes that Judaism was a foundation of Christianity. This is the fundamental reason they are the same; however, there are numerous reasons Judaism and Christianity are different. Comparing how these two religions justify theRead MoreChristian, Islam, and Judaism1397 Words   |  6 Pages2133 – W03 April 19, 2008 Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Every religion has its own goal, and their own path and believe to reach their goals, however there are also many similarities in believes. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they all fundamentally hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a complete and final revelation. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus ChristRead MoreIn Judaism, GodS Word Is Found In The Hebrew Bible (Or1524 Words   |  7 PagesIn Judaism, God s word is found in the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament), written entirely in Hebrew, except for a few chapters or verses that are in Aramaic, the Semitic language related to Hebrew. This is the most transled and most read worldwide book. The Bible is divided into: Torah (the five books of Moses), Nevi’im (Prophets) and Ketuvim (writings, Psalms). In rabbinic literature the word Torah it is common to refer to the entire Bible. The sacred book of Judaism is the Torah, which consistsRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"oneRead MoreEssay about Atheism1742 Words   |  7 Pagesraging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are always of two classes: fools and hypocrites†(Jefferson). Atheism is the belief that God does not exist and Judaism believes in only a unitary God and Christianity believes in the Trinity of God. This natural progression might be thought of as the stair steps to truth, but whose truth is the real question we need to answer, and I can assure you that it cannot be answered in a mere 8Read MoreConflict Be tween Islam And Christianity945 Words   |  4 Pagessometimes, or a sign of prejudice. When it comes to religions, the situation escalates to be a real serious issue. Islam, and since its existence, has faced many struggles with many people who think of it as an outrageous religion that pushes people to kill, treat unfairly, and think criminally. However, Islam by name is a message of peace. The word Islam was taken from the word Salam, which simply means peace in Arabic. Additionally, the ideal of this religion is to worship one god –Allah– and believe that

A Reflection in Learning - 1871 Words

Introduction I am a registered nurse of twenty years of experience. After graduated from my three-year training in a nursing school, I had been worked in an intensive care unit (ICU) and a pulmonary unit of a public hospital. Now I am working in a non-government organization serving the mentally disabled. No matter which specialty I am working in or how senior I am, I found learning being crucial for professional competence, job satisfaction and personal growth. In this paper, I would like to reflect critically on my experience of learning in nursing with reference to relevant learning theories. Learning in workplace At the time when I started to work as a registered nurse in a new workplace after graduation from nursing school there†¦show more content†¦To ensure a favorable learning outcome, I intentionally give positive reinforcement for favorable behavior and negative reinforcement for unfavorable behavior. I value social learning because it is much safer than trial and error in clinical practice and it is a natural way to learn. Reflection and critical reflection From time to time, malpractices happen in every workplace. It is important for persistent reflections to improve nursing qualities. Reflection being described by Raelin (2002) is the practice of standing back to examine the meanings of things happen around us. Reflection helps to identify malpractice and makes improvement accordingly. By reflection, nurses identify areas for improvement and improve their â€Å"quality† as models. Besides, reflection makes us more receptive to the alternatives of reasoning and behaving (Raelin,2001). There is critical reflection which is a deeper and broader type of reflection and is a collective action to enhance organizational learning and change (Gray, 2007). Furthermore, it encourages learning at a more profound and transformative level (Mezirow, 1990). Now I have established the habit of periodical reflection and I am striving to achieve appropriate critical reflection. Critical reflection involves questioning long-established believes and attitudes but may lead to resentment of the staffs. It has to be carried out skillfully at appropriate time. I discovered that the practice of critical reflection wouldShow MoreRelatedReflection On Learning739 Words   |  3 PagesReflection and Impacts on my learning My past experience of learning to drive was extremely positive. I didn’t suffer anxiety and was able to pass my driving test. My previous driving instructor was very clear with instructions, supportive, patient and offered positive reinforcement throughout my experience. My teacher said I was a capable learner that showed courage, this feedback gave me faith and motivation to learn to drive a manual. I am in the â€Å"young adult stage of development† (Lozina, 2017)Read MoreReflection Of The Learning Journal740 Words   |  3 PagesThe Learning Journal is an important component of your learning in this course. Only you and your instructor will have access to the Learning Journal. You are expected to use it each week to: †¢ Reflect on your learning. †¢ To complete assigned tasks, such as summarizing articles and engaging in self-reflection on assignments. †¢ Note down unfamiliar words and their definitions. The Learning Journal comprises 10% of your Final Grade. Days of the week Activities during the week Thursday 07/06/2017Read MoreLearning Environment Reflection1466 Words   |  6 PagesReflection on Safety and Support Over the past four modules of American College of Education’s course, Creating Safe and Supportive Learning Environments, I have been asked to complete four progressive assignments. Collectively, these assignments were focused on helping me collect and analyze data and information regarding the positive discipline and behavior management approaches required in any school to achieve a safe and supportive learning environment. This reflection discusses why a principalRead MoreService Learning (Reflection)889 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst meeting â€Å"What is Service Learning†, he also informed us about the new curriculum the one they had attended at their seminar. It is all about â€Å"The Environmental Education and Information Division, DENR†. Our NSTP 2, as he said, is focusing on providing mechanism in sustaining quality in an environment. He reviewed us about Service learning. Some of us, including me, forgot about our lesson that he taught last semester. Serv ice learning is a method of teaching, learning and reflecting, frequentlyRead MoreReflection On Flipped Learning914 Words   |  4 Pagesteachers think about digital stories. Review the qualities he describes in Category 1: Story Type, Purpose, or Impact and describe a classroom project or learning experience you are familiar with that made good use of one or more of these qualities in creating good learning. I have always been a huge advocate of flipped and hybrid learning in the classroom when it is applied in a meaningful and strategic way. Over the course of the past three years, I have created well over 100 content videosRead MoreReflections Of Learning And Non Learning Moments1346 Words   |  6 PagesNarratives and Reflections of Learning and Non-Learning Moments Looking back to the observations I made in Language Arts and Islamic studies of a faith-based school in Ohio, I remember a learning and a not - so learning moments that took place in those two classrooms. My intention, as I told the teachers, was to understand how strategies or teaching interventions help students understand and learn from texts better. The classroom observation happened in four months, which was started in JanuaryRead MoreReflection On The Learning Experience1923 Words   |  8 Pages2.0 Situation Reflection (1000 words) 2.1 Introduction Reflection is thought by linking recent experience with early experience to promote more complex and interrelated mental models or patterns. The thinking involves looking for commonalities, differences, and interrelations beyond their superficial elements. The goal is to develop higher order thinking skills. Most educators believe that reflection is useful in the learning process, even without the supporting research data. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/development/reflectionRead MoreReflection on Workbased Learning3141 Words   |  13 Pageswill utilize the Gibbs [1988] six stage reflective cycle in order to reflect on my personal experience from the work based learning module. I will examine my thoughts, feelings and evaluate and analyse the rationale of why I have developed my particular clinical skill and the benefits of this to the patient, service and role development. Reflection is characterized as learning through experience towards gaining new insights or changed perceptions of self and practice [Boud et al, 1985, Boyd and FalesRead MoreThe Reflection Of Learning Theory1900 Words   |  8 PagesReflections of Learning Theory Learning to Read As someone who struggled with reading, the process I went through in regards to my early reading instruction was frustrating and difficult. I was a public schools student from pre-school through second grade. During my years in pre-school and kindergarten, I remember learning the letters of the alphabet and the sounds that accompany each letter. As time progressed and I reached second grade, I began struggling with reading words. Due to my struggleRead MoreReflection Of Cooperative Learning826 Words   |  4 Pagesin-depth knowledge about students working with others within a concept called cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is one of three goal structures associated with motivation. The three structures are cooperative, competitive, and individualistic. Though all three are used to motivate students to achieve goals, I believe cooperative is the most ideal goal structure for student development. Cooperative learning involves putting student in groups for a lesson and r equiring all students to succeed